A single-celled relative of animals forms colonies when exposed to a bacterial product, hinting at the possible origins of multicellularity. By Hayley Dunning | August 15, 2012
Excerpted from the article: “Who would have guessed a molecule like that could be involved in colonization?”
My Comment:
In Kohl (2012) I wrote that reproduction began with an active nutrient uptake mechanism in heterospecifics and that the mechanism evolved to become symbiogenesis in the conspecifics of asexual organisms, citing Margulis (1998). My speculation was based on the fact that nutrient chemicals are required for individual survival and the fact that metabolism of the nutrient chemical to pheromones controls reproduction via the molecular biology of intracellular signaling and stochastic gene expression, which is common to all species. The common molecular biology makes it clear that integrated chemical ecology (i.e., the epigenetic effects of nutrient chemicals and pheromones on gene expresssion) is required for adaptive evolution (e.g., via ecological, social, neurogenic, and socio-cognitive niche construction.)
The authors of this article make it clear to me that chemical signals akin to species-specific pheromones are responsible for the ligand-receptor binding that enables the progression to colony formation as a more effective means of nutrient acquisition. This must occur at the same time that quorum sensing ensures the supply of nutrients is not exhausted. Thus, the symbiotic relationship is maintained, which at least partially explains why one organism might produce a species-specific ‘pheromone’ that promoted it species’ survival via a signal of what’s for dinner to a heterospecific diner. Simply put, that conceptualization seems to be only a matter of pattern recognition in what would otherwise literally be a dog-eat-dog world. Species invariably prefer to eat heterospecifics and avoid cannibalism as a built-in requirement for adaptive evolution.
James Vaughn Kohl was the first to accurately conceptualize human pheromones, and began presenting his findings to the scientific community in 1992. He continues to present to, and publish for, diverse scientific and lay audiences, while constantly monitoring the scientific presses for new information that is relevant to the development of his initial and ongoing conceptualization of human pheromones.
Recently, Kohl integrated scientific evidence that pinpoints the evolved neurophysiological mechanism that links olfactory/pheromonal input to genes in hormone-secreting cells of tissue in a specific area of the brain that is primarily involved in the sensory integration of olfactory and visual input, and in the development of human sexual preferences. His award-winning 2007 article/book chapter on multisensory integration: The Mind’s Eyes: Human pheromones, neuroscience, and male sexual preferences followed an award winning 2001 publication: Human pheromones: integrating neuroendocrinology and ethology, which was coauthored by disinguished researchers from Vienna. Rarely do researchers win awards in multiple disciplines, but Kohl’s 2001 award was for neuroscience, and his 2007 “Reiss Theory” award was for social science.
Kohl has worked as a medical laboratory scientist since 1974, and he has devoted more than twenty-five years to researching the relationship between the sense of smell and the development of human sexual preferences. Unlike many researchers who work with non-human subjects, medical laboratory scientists use the latest technology from many scientific disciplines to perform a variety of specialized diagnostic medical testing on people.
James V. Kohl is certified with:
* American Society for Clinical Pathology
* American Medical Technologists
James V. Kohl is a member of:
* Society for Neuroscience
* Society for Behavioral Neuroendocrinology
* Association for Chemoreception Sciences
* Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality
* International Society for Human Ethology
* American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science
* Mensa, the international high IQ society
